![]() ![]() In the 1960 presidential election, Vice President Richard Nixon lost by a narrow margin to Kennedy. Board of Education, Eisenhower enforced the Court's holding and signed the first significant civil rights bill since the end of Reconstruction.Įisenhower won the 1956 presidential election in a landslide and maintained positive approval ratings throughout his tenure, but the launch of Sputnik 1 and a poor economy contributed to Republican losses in the 1958 elections. ![]() Though he did not embrace the Supreme Court's landmark desegregation ruling in the 1954 case of Brown v. After the launch of Sputnik 1, Eisenhower signed the National Defense Education Act and presided over the creation of NASA. He played a major role in establishing the Interstate Highway System, a massive infrastructure project consisting of tens of thousands of miles of divided highways. Eisenhower continued New Deal programs, expanded Social Security, and prioritized a balanced budget over tax cuts. In domestic affairs, Eisenhower supported a policy of "modern Republicanism" that occupied a middle ground between liberal Democrats and the conservative wing of the Republican Party. Eisenhower also allowed the Central Intelligence Agency to engage in covert actions, such as the 1953 Iranian coup d'état and the 1954 Guatemalan coup d'état. In response to the Cuban Revolution, the Eisenhower administration broke ties with Cuba and began preparations for an invasion of Cuba by Cuban exiles, eventually resulting in the failed Bay of Pigs Invasion. Following the Suez Crisis, Eisenhower promulgated the Eisenhower Doctrine, strengthening U.S. Soon after taking office, Eisenhower negotiated an end to the Korean War, resulting in the partition of Korea. Eisenhower's New Look policy stressed the importance of nuclear weapons as a deterrent to military threats, and the United States built up a stockpile of nuclear weapons and nuclear weapons delivery systems during Eisenhower's presidency. Kennedy succeeded him after winning the 1960 presidential election.Įisenhower held office during the Cold War, a period of geopolitical tension between the United States and the Soviet Union. Eisenhower, a Republican from Kansas, took office following a landslide victory over Democrat Adlai Stevenson in the 1952 presidential election. Eisenhower's tenure as the 34th president of the United States began with his first inauguration on January 20, 1953, and ended on January 20, 1961. ![]()
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